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Disease Management
Disease control
Coccidiosis, Ranikhet disease, Infectious Bursal disease, Fowl pox, Worms, Ectoparasites,
Aspergillosis and Mareks’ disease can affect the chicks. Marek’s disease, Ranikhet
disease and Infectious Bursal disease can be prevented, if preventive vaccination
programme is practiced. Coccidiosis can be prevented by incorporating a suitable
coccidiostat available in the market in the feed at levels recommended by the manufacturers.
Eg. Maduramycin, Salinomycin, Amprolium, Monensin. In the event of an outbreak of
coccidiosis, administer any one of the following medicines at levels recommended
by the manufacturers in consultation with a veterinarian. Bifuran, Coxysol–Amprosol,
Codrinal, Sulfadimethylpyrimidine , Sulfaquinoxaline etc.
In addition, strict sanitation, good litter management and adequate floor space
will help to check the occurrence of diseases.
Vaccination programme for layer type chicken
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Age
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Disease
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Vaccine
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Route
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1. 1 day
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Marek’s
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HVT vaccine
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I/M
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2. 5-7 days
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RD
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Lasota/F
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Occulonasal
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3. 10-14 days
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IBD
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IBD Live
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Drinking water
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4. 24-28 days
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IBD
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IBD Live
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Drinking water
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5. 8th week
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RD
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R2B/RDVK
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S/C
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6. 16-18 week
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RD
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Killed/Live
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S/C
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(Source: Kerala Agricultural University)
Give anti-stress medicaments to combat vaccination stress in consultation with a
veterinarian.
Deworming
Birds should be dewormed starting from one week prior to R2B/RDVK vaccination and
repeated at 3-week intervals so as to give a total of 4 dewormings before housing
at 18 weeks of age. Piperazine compounds, albendazole, mebendazole etc. can be used
against round worms. Against tape worms, Niclosamide, Praziquintel, Albendazole
can be used.
While medicating through drinking water, it should be done by mixing the required
quantity of medicine in the quantity of water that chicks normally consume in 4
hours time (say approximately 6 litres per one hundred, 6 week-old chicks, per day).
Additional water should be given only when all the medicated water is consumed by
the chicks.
Ectoparasites
The birds should be dusted or dipped and houses fumigated as soon as there is indication
of ectoparasites. The following may be used for dusting and dipping. Dipping should
be avoided on rainy days. Head dipping has to be avoided.
- Tick tox – synthetic pyrithrine compound. Dose – as per manufacturer’s instructions
- Butox – Deltamethrin compound. Dose – as per manufacturer’s instructions
In addition to these, general measures of sanitation such as keeping young stock
away from adult stock, keeping the poultry houses and equipments clean, prohibiting
visitors into the poultry house, proper disposal of dead birds, prevention of entry
of rodents and other birds into the pen and periodical culling will greatly help
in checking diseases.
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